To: Dale Baker who wrote (7005 ) 12/16/2005 12:28:02 PM From: JohnM Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 540800 Because it was "necessary" for "safety", the time-worn excuse. I was thinking of the German issue as I typed but decided it would be a bit too much to invoke it here. I came to it through some recent reading I've been doing of Paul Berman's arguments. He wants to argue, in the two books I've been reading, A Tale of Two Utopias and Power and Idealists, that the worldwide student movement of the 60s had two beneficial legacies. The first is the obvious one of a huge boost to the civil rights movement, also the movement for gender equality, and finally the gay movement. But, and this is what interested me the most, he pointed to Bernard Kouchner, the founder of Doctors without Borders, Vaclav Havel, who we all know, Joshua Fisher, the German foreign minister in the Schroder government, and others, as rethinking what troubled them. They began to focus on the worldwide struggle for human rights. A kind of sliding from a focus on class struggle to liberalism's classic "rights" arguments. This led them to a focus on the struggle against totalitarianism. From this argument Berman gets to an argument for the Iraq invasion. He's clearly more than alarmed by the way the invasion was pursued but, before it took place, he argued for something like that to get rid of Hussein. George Packer tells this story well in his Assassins at the Gate. It's an interesting cut into the Iraq arguments. And, of course, Berman argues that much of the ideological underpinnings in the jihadists arguments for what are essentially totalitarian governments derives from European sources not from the Koran. You can find a list of Berman's books here: amazon.com And, of course, I've now pulled my old copy of Hannah Arendt's Origins of Totalitarianism from the shelves. Some of you may recall tekboy from postings on the early incarnations of Ken's (Faultline) FADG thread. Tek's wife, last time I talked with him, had moved her intellectual focus from early twentieth century democratic socialism to the intellectual relations between twentieth century fascism and jihadist conceptions of the state. That was atleast two years ago.