To: russwinter who wrote (59749 ) 4/28/2006 4:18:12 AM From: shades Respond to of 110194 Air fails to make the grade fredericksburg.com Though there has been some improvement, poor air quality persists in much of the region, according to annual report. Date published: 4/28/2006 By RUSTY DENNEN Some Fredericksburg-area localities, along with Northern Virginia, have gotten poor grades when it comes to air pollution. But statewide and nationally, Americans are breathing a bit easier, according to the American Lung Association, which released its State of the Air: 2006 report yesterday. It gave Stafford, Prince William and Madison counties F's on their report cards--the same grades they've received for the past two years. Caroline County improved from an F to a D, and Fauquier County again this year got the best grade of the group--a C. Localities with air-monitoring stations were assigned grades--A through F--based on how often their air quality crossed into unhealthful categories of the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality Index for ground-level ozone pollution, or smog, and particle pollution. The city of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania, King George and Culpeper counties don't have monitors and aren't graded. Ginny Gamble, spokeswoman for the lung association in Virginia, said yesterday that while particle pollution statewide improved from a D to a B, "We still received an F in smog and we'll use that as a challenge to make changes to improve air quality." Ozone in high concentrations can cause throat irritation, inflammation of the respiratory tract and damage to lung tissue. Emissions from vehicles, power plants and other industries contain chemicals that react with sunlight to create ozone, the main ingredient in smog. Soot pollution, mainly from power plants and industry, can cause or aggravate a host of respiratory ailments, particularly asthma. The report analyzed three years of data (2002 through 2004) from the EPA's Aerometric Information Retrieval System database. It calculated the number of days air quality at monitoring stations fell within five color-coded levels: 0 to 64 parts per billion of ozone, good (green); 65 to 85 ppb, moderate (yellow); 86 to 104 ppb, unhealthful for sensitive groups (orange); 105 to 124 ppb, unhealthful (red); and 125 to 374 ppb, very unhealthful (purple). Localities rating an F generally had at least 10 orange days, with one or more days in the red or purple category. Most of the ozone and particle pollution in the Fredericksburg area comes from industry, power plants and vehicle emissions. Gamble said the improvements in airborne particle pollution statewide are a direct result of power plants taking action to reduce them. Some of that has been voluntary, while others have been forced to clean up their acts. Two of Virginia's perennial particle polluters--the Mirant plant in Alexandria and Dominion's Chesterfield power plant--installed equipment to reduce soot emissions. It's been an ongoing program at Chesterfield, but last year, Mirant was temporarily closed after it violated air-quality standards. One problem with the data in the air report, however, is that there are still relatively few particle-monitoring stations in Virginia. There are none in the Fredericksburg area; the closest stations monitoring those pollutants are in Northern Virginia and Richmond. The report says that Washington, Baltimore and Pittsburgh rank among the worst in the nation for both particle and ozone pollution. Among the findings: More than half of the U.S. population--about 150 million people--lives in counties with unhealthful levels of either ozone or particle pollution. Still, things are slowly improving nationally due to stricter regulations and industry conservation efforts, officials say. "We're seeing the benefits of cleaning up dirty power plants with healthier air and a better quality of life. But that doesn't mean it's clean enough, and we've still got a lot of work to do," said John L. Kirkwood, the lung association's president and chief executive officer. To reach RUSTY DENNEN:540/374-5431