To: Elroy who wrote (14499 ) 2/25/2007 7:47:32 AM From: sea_urchin Read Replies (3) | Respond to of 22250 Elroy > What was it that made them [Jews] hated in Europe? Here are 10,400,000 references to "the Jewish Question". I suppose how one views these articles depends on one's own particular bias to the subject.google.com This is the Wikipedia entry:en.wikipedia.org >>Jewish Question The "Jewish question", in general usage, usually refers to questions about the essential nature of Jews, often in reference to the nature of their relationship to non-Jews. The term the "Jewish Question" first appeared during the Jew Bill of 1753 debates in England. According to Otto D. Kulka of Hebrew University, the term became widespread in the 19th century, it was used in discussions about Jewish emancipation in Germany (Judenfrage). Later in the 19th century, the term was used by many writers and theorists, Jewish and non-Jewish, to reflect on the state of the European Jews as a half-assimilated entity that lacked a consensus regarding the future. Simply put, some Jews wanted to assimilate while others did not. By the turn of the 20th century, the debate was still at large. Some favored political engagement in Europe while others, such as Theodore Herzl, proposed the advancement of the Zionist cause. Although the Jews had been expelled from Europe during various points in history, "answering the question" was largely in Jewish hands until it was conceivably too late. In retrospect, the half-amalgamated position of the Jews put them in a prime position to be seen as peripheral and disloyal as well as internally cohesive and conspiratory. Amidst rising anti-Semitism and the threat to the established Old Order, the Jews became a scapegoat - it did not help that a number of radicals of Jewish background were associated with these causes. Nevertheless, for reasons as complicated as this and as "simple" as historic prejudice, such conditions helped to transform the Jewish Question into what was ultimately a questioning of Jewish loyalties and a mulling over what to do with them. The Protocols of the Elders of Zion played a key role, as did interpretations of events such as World War I, the Great Depression and the rise of Communism. All helped to raise suspicions and advance conspiracy theories. With the rebirth of ethnic nationalism and the formation of the ethnic state, the Jews were clearly no longer wanted by the governments of such states. Nazi Germany adopted the term Jewish Question (in German: Judenfrage) to refer to the question (or issue) of what to do with the Jews. At first, the "answer" was visible in the form of persecution and reduction to second-class citizenship, promoting their extradition out of the country. Later, during World War II, it became internment in concentration camps until finally, the genocide of the European Jews took place as the so-called Final Solution to the Jewish Question (in German: die Endlösung der Judenfrage), or just the "Final Solution" (German: die Endlösung). Depending on context, the term can refer to a number of things: On the Jewish Question, an essay by Karl Marx Reflections on the Jewish Question, a book by Jean-Paul Sartre The Final Solution to the Jewish Question, a term used by the Nazis to describe the planning of the Holocaust Jewish Emancipation movements << Clearly, however one views it, there were problems in the relationships between Jews and non-Jews and between Jews themselves and these problems were the subject of much concern. > Americans today tend to have very positive views of American Jews - hard working, artistic, good family values. I trust they feel the same way about AIPAC -- the lobby of a foreign country (Israel) which has a profound influence on US foreign policy, especially in the Mid East, and which many people feel was responsible for bringing the US into a series of never-ending "terrorist" wars. Likewise, the neocons, who are largely Jewish.