To: gregor_us who wrote (21215 ) 7/24/2009 5:03:43 PM From: axial Respond to of 71431 Each form of energy is comprised of two different equations comprised of a shifting internal dynamic, a changing external dynamic, and their relationships to each other: the raw cost of a kilojoule. For purposes of discussion, we try to simplify, especially on the 'net where most people want a "sight bite", and not much more. Even the best in-depth analysis is only an approximation of a situation at a moment in time. How many old analyses have we read, where the reality turned out to be different than the forecast? Orlov's analysis is thoughtful but incomplete, IMO. Most rational commentators accept the theory of Peak Oil: if we're not exactly "there", we're close. Many have sensibly noted that Peak Oil is only important as a cost , when known alternatives exist: it's been Cheap Oil, but it won't be, any more. From that, it follows logically that we get into adaptive responses, even while fossil fuels still exist; we start trading the cost of a kilojoule between alternatives: solar; fossil variants like natural gas, coal and crude; nuclear; wind; tidal, and so on. In practice that means the equations become even more complex, as energy costs rise. Complexity and opacity defeats anything but best-guess analysis. Personally, my response to complexity (now that we're entering the stage of adaptive response) is to reduce the matter to the cost of a kilojoule: that's what mankind will be dealing with as various forms of energy compete, into the future. Those that have, will get: those whose economic health is strongest will be able to support the added cost of energy, over the next century. In the end, no one will escape the need to produce alt energy. Shifting events will introduce short-term deviations; for instance, recent discoveries and expansion of natural gas reserves will alleviate some US energy problems for a decade, but not much longer: not by themselves. The predatory effect of Enron-type financial practices is raising the cost of crude to end-users; this sword cuts both ways. High costs promote demand destruction but also impair true adaptation, by making it more expensive. Long-run it's subtractive tax, in that excessive costs are not recycled into productive output in energy or industry. This is typical of recent financial "innovations" with destructive effects at a critical time. The kilojoule has a global price. Nuclear has a price range per megawatt; so does solar, wind, and crude; they will all compete. If all buyers are in a deflationary environment, their ability to buy is relative, as it is in an inflationary environment. What will be the effect of either 'flation on the cost of a kilojoule? Inflation/deflation will have a serial effect in the adaptive phase: economic impairment means poorer adaptation, which means faster economic degradation. In the long run, what matters is a nation's ability to adapt. That will have a cost, and those nations that can pay it will survive, but not without some pain. For heating, cooling, and motive power, the kilojoule is essential. If money is the water of life, energy is the fire. All three are tied together inextricably. Those nations that can't pay the cost of adaptation, and the emerging cost of a kilojoule will fail. Jim