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Strategies & Market Trends : 2026 TeoTwawKi ... 2032 Darkest Interregnum -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Snowshoe who wrote (148175)	4/30/2019 12:30:39 AM
From: Maurice Winn	1 Recommendation Recommended By 3bar Read Replies (6) \| Respond to of 217840

Looks as though my active zone measuring system is good. The fallen big trees show the depth to rock or frozen water or groundwater surface. Smaller trees will do better. Alaska's North slope doesn't get snow? I was using glacier tips as extreme edge. But any snow is edge with greater or lesser duration. In Ottawa we had full snow for 5 months and another 4 months of sometimes snow. My model in 1988 explained such heating, or cooling if going the other way. Snow cover for less of the year causes rapid heating due to sun on stone and a feedback loop. When snow is gaining ground then feedback cooling happens as plants, rock and water are covered in ice, reflecting light. At the edge 0.7 degrees is a big difference so the edge has been pushed north in the northern hemisphere as the little ice age ended which is a lengthy process not instant. At the equator a 1 km wide strip of snow reflects a huge amount of light because that would be 40,000 km2. At the north pole a 1 km wide strip of snow around the pole is only about 4km2. At 45 degrees latitude the area of a strip 1km wide would be 27,000 km2. We could do some calculus and calculate the reflective area as snow cover grows from zero at the pole to total at the equator (snowball earth). Incoming sunlight in the Arctic is weak in summer and zero in winter whereas at the equator it's full nuclear powered heating year round. There has been a century of warmer. The last 20 years not so much. I predict cooling now. We'll soon see. Meanwhile Alarmist predictions for the last 30 years have been a joke. New York is above sea level. So are Florida and Rarotonga. Children still experience snow ... the Beast from the East for example and rumour has it that USA had snow somewhere last winter. The north pole still has ice over it ... silly Al Gore. Mqurice

To: Snowshoe who wrote (148175)	4/30/2019 6:38:33 PM
From: TobagoJack	Respond to of 217840

in a lot of ways we can count, mathematically, the make-belief 5G conflict is just a shiny object at best, and at worst a conflict won and lost without folks having realised at juncture of decision the so-called space race / space force is another chimera / money-spend until way into the future but perhaps the quest for fusion power can turn out to be consequential - limitless energy, which together with delivery infrastructure ala OBOR and accompanying electrified trains, truck, planes, ships, cities, and and and may well beat export of t-shirts, and soya beans my Message 31891985 2018 November travel to Hefei in Anhui province where the tokamak is based was instructional, and while arguably but not really, not less instructional than I would have gotten re china by travelling to Africa :0) and yes, per commentator quoted in the article, <<people all over the world need to work together on this>> perhaps at some juncture folks shall decide deep-state engendered obstructionism is going to be very lonely interestingengineering.com China's Anhei Tokamak Leads The Way to Fusion Energy China is leading the world in the development for clean limitless energy. Beijing’s plans to have a fully functioning fusion reactor up and running by 2050 is on track thanks to the extraordinary work being done at the Anhei tokamak in the Anhui province. RELATED: THESE 9 ENERGY STARTUPS ARE HOPING TO RESHAPE THE FUTURE OF ENERGY GENERATION AND STORAGE The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak ( EAST) is gaining a reputation for breaking records. Back in 2017, it became the first facility in the world to sustain certain conditions necessary for nuclear fusion for longer than 100 seconds. China makes a big contribution to global projectLast November it broke another record when it earned a personal best temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius (180 million Fahrenheit)—six times as hot as the sun's core. These unbelievable temperatures are what is needed to get closer to achieving fusion reactions. "We are hoping to expand international cooperation through this device (EAST) and make Chinese contributions to mankind's future use of nuclear fusion," said Song Yuntao, a top official involved in the project, told Phys.org. China is also building a separate fusion reactor with plans to generate commercially viable fusion power by mid-century, Yuntao commented. EAST is a key part of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ( ITER) project, an international collaboration that aims to prove the feasibility of fusion power. Ambitious plans need worldwide cooperationThe project is funded by the European Union, India, Japan, China, Russia, South Korea, and the United States. The center of the project is a multi-billion-dollar giant cylindrical fusion device, called a tokamak. This huge facility is under construction in France and will use technology developed by ITAR partners. Fusion power is the same process that powers our sun. It occurs when atomic nuclei merge to create massive amounts of energy. Difficult and expensiveThis is the exact opposite of an atomic weapon which aims to split them into fragments. There are no greenhouse gases generate for emitted during the fusion process and unlike fission, the risk of an accident is very low. Achieving fusion is incredibly expensive and incredibly difficult. The total cost of the ITER project is set at around $22.5 billion (20 billion euros) China knows that they are still lagging behind other more developed nuclear countries such as the US and Japan but are dedicated to achieving results that have the ability to assist in the wider fusion project. In 2017 ITER's Director-General Bernard Bigot lauded China's government as "highly motivated" on fusion. "Fusion is not something that one country can accomplish alone," Wu Songtao, a top Chinese engineer with ITER, said. "As with ITER, people all over the world need to work together on this."