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To: Cogito Ergo Sum who wrote (175598)	7/31/2021 3:17:30 PM
From: Julius Wong	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 219433

The domestic dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris)[4] is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. The dog derived from an ancient, extinct wolf,[5][6] and the modern grey wolf is the dog's nearest living relative.[7] The dog was the first species to be domesticated,[8][7] by hunter–gatherers over 15,000 years ago,[6] before the development of agriculture.[1] Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely adapted to human behavior,[9] leading to a large number of domestic individuals[10] and the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.[11] en.wikipedia.org

To: Cogito Ergo Sum who wrote (175598)	7/31/2021 10:51:11 PM
From: sense	Read Replies (3) \| Respond to of 219433

Dogs came from a combination of selective forces... The first, in the natural population of wolves... is about variation in the genetics controlling the level of trust versus aggression... and how function interacts with other factors, like learning, that enable them in overcoming that natural tendency to resort to aggression... where there is a free meal available only if they will risk getting close enough to take it... and respond to that reward, with success, by becoming less aggressive over time... Humans are wildly successful as hunters... usually have bones with meat on them left over, and with plenty enough to not miss it if they share... find the sharing entertaining,.so don't mind throwing a dog a bone... Over thousands of years... wolves creeping around in the shadows outside the campfire seeking to scavenge a free meal... slowly became dogs sleeping beside the fireplace waiting to be fed... through selection, both natural and artificial. The genetics of that are pretty well worked out... Dogs... evolved from wolves that had a short circuit or two occur in their maturation process... Those genes control "cuteness"... and they control the puppy like behavior in younger animals... which normal wolves grow out of as they mature from "teens" to adults... to provide them with Darwinian survival skills they require in the wild... Dog breeders have maps of those functions... can tell you where along the continuum (and which genes are tied to) this breed or that, and where each breed falls... and what the characteristics are with this or that genetic variation... Dogs have their maturation processes truncated... to stay more like puppies... where their survival depends on them being trusting, cute and friendly enough to win free food from humans... while some are selected for remaining friendly... but still aggressive enough to scare away the occasional burglar... ? And, of course, once that basic conversion in domestication occurred... dogs willingness to be malleable for a meal... met with our willingness to exploit that in controlling their sex lives... and so now we have Toy Poodles and St. Bernards...

To: Cogito Ergo Sum who wrote (175598)	8/1/2021 1:24:33 AM
From: Snowshoe	2 Recommendations Recommended By Cogito Ergo Sum sense Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 219433

Dog Domestication May Have Begun because Paleo Humans Couldn’t Stomach the Original Paleo Diet scientificamerican.com Unable to digest large amounts of protein, hunters likely left scraps that could have led to the taming of wolves Excess protein enabled dog domestication during severe Ice Age winters nature.com Abstract Dogs (Canis familiaris) are the first animals to be domesticated by humans and the only ones domesticated by mobile hunter-gatherers. Wolves and humans were both persistent, pack hunters of large prey. They were species competing over resources in partially overlapping ecological niches and capable of killing each other. How could humans possibly have domesticated a competitive species? Here we present a new hypothesis based on food/resource partitioning between humans and incipient domesticated wolves/dogs. Humans are not fully adapted to a carnivorous diet; human consumption of meat is limited by the liver’s capacity to metabolize protein. Contrary to humans, wolves can thrive on lean meat for months. We present here data showing that all the Pleistocene archeological sites with dog or incipient dog remains are from areas that were analogous to subarctic and arctic environments. Our calculations show that during harsh winters, when game is lean and devoid of fat, Late Pleistocene hunters-gatherers in Eurasia would have a surplus of animal derived protein that could have been shared with incipient dogs. Our partitioning theory explains how competition may have been ameliorated during the initial phase of dog domestication. Following this initial period, incipient dogs would have become docile, being utilized in a multitude of ways such as hunting companions, beasts of burden and guards as well as going through many similar evolutionary changes as humans.