To: Grainne who wrote (21118 ) 4/29/1998 4:50:00 PM From: Thomas C. White Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 108807
"Does everyone know that the colonists did not really want to become independent from England? That they felt they had no choice except to take a stand over taxation without representation in that funny situation where all the tea ended up in Boston Harbor, but that they did not want to go to war?" Well, a few things -- first of all, by the time the Declaration was signed, the movement to independence had a very broad, majority base of support in the colonies. This largely stemmed from a long series of almost comically foolish British mis-steps, which took place over about five years, whereby rather than accommodating to some degree the colonists' earlier demands for a status different from Britain's other colonies, the government of George III over time sought to basically make an example of the uppity Americans. At no time was the "taxation without representation" thing much more than a very nice slogan. The colonists of course were aware that, even with representation in Parliament, they would never be able to avoid any taxation that the Crown deemed appropriate. They would be "represented," and voted down. Representation in Parliament was never all that important to most of the colonists, much more the ability to make a living unimpeded by the decisions of the Crown. The rejection of British rule by the colonists was the culmination of various things over a long period: originally, because of the colonists' contention that they should not be responsible for paying the expenses of the French & Indian War (the British crown had traditionally allocated a measure of costs of fighting wars in colonies to the colonies themselves); and the restriction of the colonies from buying and selling goods from/to anyone but Britain, at prices set by the British to favor the homeland; and later a series of increasingly punitive measures such as the Quartering Act, which the British Crown often promulgated with the express intent of putting the colonists in their place. While at the outset of the troubles, not many envisioned that the colonies would declare independence, by the time that it actually happened, the majority of the colonists were convinced that it was necessary. Otherwise, there certainly would have been a full-scale revolt when the Declaration was signed. In fact, this is exactly what the British were expecting, and when it did not happen, they were completely flummoxed and began to realize that they had a much bigger problem on their hands than they thought. At the same time, even if the British had not made this series of blunders, it's doubtful that America would have remained a colony. It only would have probably delayed an independence movement that would have developed as Britain's and America's interests increasingly diverged. As to the "going to war" question, certainly, the colonists would have preferred Britain to simply accept the Declaration, and in fact were actively playing the "French card" at the time of the signing to dissuade Britain from going to war. However, it was implicit in the signing that war was a probability.