To: *ROSARIO* who wrote (19318 ) 11/27/1998 8:41:00 PM From: ISOMAN Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 43774
Here is that information you told me you needed Rosy:Scabies Scabies is caused by a microscopic insect, or mite (known as Sarcoptes scabiei), which lives in infested humans. (Scabies is technically called an "infestation", rather than an "infection", although the distinction seems to depend on the size of the offending organism.) The mite tunnels or burrows into the patient's skin, usually just below the surface, and then keeps burrowing through the subsurface leaving behind eggs, feces, and dead body parts. (I apologize -- believe me, this is just as bad to talk with patients and parents about in the office as it is to write and read about here...) Although there may not be any skin reaction at first, once you become sensitized you will have an allergic reaction to the mites and their leavings which consists mainly of a rash with an intense itch. Sensitization can take up to 1 or 2 months once a person has been infested with the mites. The burrows are visible on the skin surface as looped-thread-like lines, but often they are scratched away by the patient long before a doctor sees them. The burrows are usually found in warm, moist parts of the body. In older kids and adults, the mites usually hang out between fingers and toes, in the folds of the wrists, elbows, and shoulders, around the waist (since we all wear clothes that are at least a little tight at the waist), and in the groin and genital areas. The mites can be transmitted from person to person. Usually it takes a lot of contact between two people for the mites to infest someone new, but there is a variant form which causes crusted or "Norwegian" scabies and which can infest a new victim with minimal contact. The mites can live away from a person -- on clothes and linens -- for up to 3 or 4 days, and can infest a new victim that way also. "Norwegian scabies" does _not_ refer to a different kind of scabies mite, but to a particular form of infestation. Also known as "crusted scabies', the rash is heavily crusted with flakes of skin falling off, with thickening of skin on protruding parts of the body such as the elbows, knees, palms, and soles. The scales that fall off contain tremendous numbers of mites, and this form of scabies is more contagious than usual mainly because there are so many mites in each flake of skin. Since even casual contact with a patient with crusted scabies may result in infestation, many doctors will treat casual contacts just as they do household contacts. Scabies is NOT a disease of poverty: it can and does affect people of all social, economic, and ethnic categories. (I know of doctors who have picked up Norwegian scabies from patients and brought it home to their own families.) Treatment for scabies is pretty straightforward, although it's time-consuming too. Since the mite is transferred from one person to another by personal contact or by linens and clothes, we assume that everyone in the same house with a scabies patient has scabies themselves whether or not they are yet itching. The most common medicine used for scabies is permethrin, a cream which your doctor must prescribe for you. Other medicines such as lindane and crotamiton are used as well, but have more side effects and don't work quite as well in my experience. The treatment I prescribe runs like this -- and everyone in the house has to do this at the same time: 1.When you go home from the doctor's office and the drugstore, take off all the clothes you are wearing and take a bath or shower. 2.Apply the permethrin cream to your entire body from the neck down. (Babies and toddlers can have mites on the head and neck, so ask your doctor how and where to apply the cream on them.) 3.Wash EVERYTHING in the house (clothes, bed linens, towels) in HOT water and dry in a HOT dryer. (If something cannot be washed, put it in an airtight plastic bag and put it away for at least one week. This will starve any mites to death.) Do not put clothes on over the cream unless they have been washed. 4.12 hours later (we usually have families start the treatment in the afternoon or evening and sleep with the cream on) remove your pajamas and take another bath or shower to wash off the cream. Wash the pajamas you wore, again in hot water. This should dispose of the mites in most cases. Sometimes a few unhatched mite eggs will survive somewhere; in these cases a second round with the cream usually takes care of the problem. The itching will probably last for a while, though, since it takes a while for your body to eliminate the remains of the mites. A good antihistamine will help reduce the itching; your doctor can recommend one for you.