To: chalu2 who wrote (6273 ) 9/29/1999 9:29:00 AM From: Neocon Read Replies (3) | Respond to of 769667
First, even if strings were pulled on his behalf, that doesn't mean he asked for it; and even if he did, in order to get the job he wanted, that is not the same as evading the draft. But mostly,I will repeat this earlier post: This is the context in which George W. joined. Notice that in the Korean War, most of the Air National Guard was mobilized, and Air National Guard units flew supply missions during the Vietnam war as early as '65. There was no way of knowing whether he would be mobilized. A SHORT HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL GUARD The Korean War The Korean War began in June 1950 when North Korea invaded the South. Within two months, the first of 110,000 Army National Guardsmen were mobilized, and National Guard units began arriving in South Korea in January 1951. By the summer of 1951 a large number of non-divisional engineer and artillery units in Korea were from the National Guard. In November, two National Guard infantry divisions, the 40th from California and the 45th from Oklahoma, arrived to fight the North Koreans and the Chinese. Only about one third of the Army National Guard was mobilized for the Korean War. But almost all of the Air National Guard, created when the Air Force became a separate service in 1947, was placed on active duty. Six Air National Guard fighter-bomber squadrons flew combat missions over Korea. The 1960s The 1960s began with a partial mobilization in response to the setting up of the Berlin Wall. Seven years later, in response to the Viet Cong's 1968 Tet offensive, 34 Army National Guard units were mobilized. Eight of them were shipped to Vietnam. The Air Guard had begun flying supply missions to South Vietnam in 1965. In 1968 four Air National Guard tactical fighter squadrons arrived in Vietnam for a one-year tour. Three Air Guardsmen are still listed as Missing In Action from the Vietnam War. Compared to previous wars, the National Guard's role in Vietnam was very small. But President Lyndon Johnson decided that a major call-up of the National Guard and Reserves would alarm the American public. Instead, Johnson relied on the draft for his combat troops. In the end, the draft proved to be so unpopular that in 1973 it was abolished. The "Total Force" The 1970s were a period of tremendous change for the National Guard. First blacks and other minorities began to join in large numbers. By the end of the decade, minorities made up almost one quarter of the National Guard. Women too found a place in the Guard. Because the Militia Act of 1792 and the National Defense Act of 1916 had referred specifically to "males," it took special legislation to allow women the join. At first, the only women in the National Guard were nurses, but in 1971 a new law opened the way for increased recruitment of women. The National Guard that these minorities and women joined was an increasingly modern force. In the 1970s the Department of Defense, under pressure to cut costs, realized that it must make better use of its Reserve Forces. The Air National Guard had worked closely with the Active Air Force since the mid-1950s; now it was the Army National Guard's turn. Army Guard units began to get more modern weapons and equipment than ever before. Guard units trained with Regular Army "partner" units; the "Roundout" program assigned Army Guard units to Regular Army units in case of mobilization. In 1979 the first Army Guard units went overseas for training. Today both Army and Air National Guard units and personnel train all over the world. Air National Guard units fly everywhere from the Caribbean to the South Pole. Army Guard personnel train in Central America, Korea, and Europe. The citizen-soldiers who make up the National Guard have fought in every major American war since 1637. War has changed a great deal since 1637, and today's National Guard must be prepared to fight in a high-technology environment, using complex weapons and equipment. But the men and women of today's National Guard are ready to become full-time professional soldiers if the need arises, just as they did in 1637. ngb.dtic.mil