To: Craig Stevenson who wrote (25881 ) 2/2/2000 12:45:00 AM From: Douglas Nordgren Read Replies (3) | Respond to of 29386
>>I agree that Ancor's future certainly looks brighter than it did 3-4 years ago, but you now have to pay more for that future.<< Hi Craig, Indeed, and how are we to valuate that bright future we are paying for? And how much exactly are we paying for it? Once again you grace this board with imponderables, you old sod, welcome back. Ponder we must then. Companies in industries which require continuing R&D to maintain competitive advantages can be scrutinized from an R&D expenditure perspective. In emerging technology companies with little or no revs to speak of, a Price-to-Research ratio comparison can be a useful gauge of growth valuation. Aside from Capital Expenditures and Acquisitions, a company can grow its business through in-house R&D. Obviously, this is the road Ancor must travel to reach growth numbers. Unfortunately, every dollar that goes into R&D comes directly out of net earnings in the quarter that it is spent. For a company that does a lot of research, this can understate the current profitability of the current operations. The simple Price-to-Research ratio can give us an idea of how much shareholders are paying for Ancor R&D. Take the market cap of a company and divide into the trailing 12 months of R&D spending. By using the Price-to-Research ratio, one should be able to identify opportunities to purchase companies that are heavily investing money in R&D at the expense of current profits, and identify companies sacrificing R&D to the bottom line. Ancor's market cap is $1.12 billion (28M X $40), and the company has spent ~$7.5 million on R&D in the past 12 months. That results in a Price-to-Research ratio of 149, meaning a shareholder is paying $149 for each dollar in R&D. Ancor R&D was 54% of 1999 revenue. Brocade's Price-to-Research ratio, on the other hand, is 600, or its shareholders are paying $600 for each R&D dollar. Brocade R&D for 99 was ~$15 million, or 22% of their revs. In other words, Ancor shareholders are paying for a return of $150 on every dollar spent on R&D. Brocade shareholders are paying for a $600 return on every R&D dollar. Because there is really no way of directly measuring returns on a company's R&D investment, it is generally easiest to assume that one unit of R&D will universally equal X units of return on that R&D across all like companies. The return from Brocade's 1998 R&D expenditure ($14.7M) in 1999 revs ($68.7M) was $4.67 in 1999 dollars for every 1998 R&D dollar. Ancor returned $2.51 in 1999 dollars for every 1998 R&D dollar. Given that the SAN market is still in the early stages of growth and that Brocade and Ancor should be seeing accelerating returns on R&D, a factor of X=5 would probably fall into the most conservative estimates. Brocade's 1999 $15.2M R&D (5% increase over 1998's $14.7M) would convert into $76M in 2000 revenues, or a !0% increase. Ancor's 1999 $7.5M R&D (37% increase over 1998's $5.45M) would yield $37.5M in 2000 revenues, or a 173% increase. Now, in terms of Price-to-Research metrics, both Ancor and Brocade measure way off the scale. Generally speaking, a Price-to-Research ratio comparison indicates that a company is cheap relative to the amount of money they have spent on research in relation to their competitors. These would typically be companies that Wall Street has pounded due to lack of current earnings, but that should have valuable knowledge assets. According to a recent report from Dataquest, Fibre Channel component revenues have been growing at a 200% annual rate, and the Fibre Channel switch market has just begun, so the X=5 factor could get blown out of the water by either or both companies. With a Price-to-Research ratio of 149, Ancor is certainly no bargain here, but it is more of a bargain than its closest competitor. And that's the crux of the problem - Relative valuations vs. Absolute valuations. At prices now 82 x trailing sales for Ancor and 131 x trailing sales for Brocade, there's a lot of future already built into their prices. Whose expectations could be considered more reasonable? I feel like Little Orphan Annie belting out "tomorrow, tomorrow..." but that's what I bought and continue to buy. The real growth in the FC switch market is yet to come, yesterday not withstanding reality. Regards, Douglas PS - Compaq is encountering problems with component scalability within a fabric and are finding that what they really need is a cross connect architecture. Ancor is undergoing evaluation with some cpq engineers. ZOOX may count all the switch revs they want, but the Capellix is not really a switch, it's a FC-AL router cum switch. They could call it a space shuttle for all I care, it still wouldn't fly.